The Europe 2020 IPO recycling of cocoa, additives and fossil fuel expectations

When so much alternative funding is available, the pressure and cost of a public listing are less of a draw. Companies will continue to list for broader access to capital and higher profile, while an IPO is still a viable way for private firms to test their valuations, he added. For years, Europe has been struck by de-equitisation, where public markets are declining because fewer new shares are being sold to fund buybacks, mergers and take-off....